R Programming 4 :Creating Vectors, Matrices and Performing some Operation on them

We can create Vector in R using "C" or "Concatenate Command"
Ex:
x1 = c(1,2,3,4,5)
print (x1) or x1
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We can also create a vector of character elements by including quotations.
Ex:
x1= c("male","female")
print(x1) or x1
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Integer values using colon (:) Creating sequence from value to TO value.
Ex:
2:7
2,3,4,5,6,7
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Incremental by:
Sequence from 1 to 7 increment of 1

Syntax : seq(from=1, to =7, by=1)
               1,2,3,4,5,6,7 as output.
             
               we also can use like below
               seq(from=1, to =7, by=1/3)
               seq(from=1, to =7, by=0.25)

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Repeated Characters:
rep(x, times=y)
Ex:
rep(1 , times=10)
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1

rep("divakar", times=5)
divakar,divakar,divakar,divakar,divakar

rep(1:3, times=3)
1,2,3,1,2,3,1,2,3

rep(seq(from=2,to=5,by=0.25,

Other Ex:
x<- 1:5
       1,2,3,4,5
y <-c(3,4,5,6)
       3,4,5,6
x +10 = 11,12,13,14,15
x -10
x*10
y/2

Extract Positions:
x = 1,2,3,4
x[3] = 4 ( positions starts with 0,1,2,3,4)
x[-2] = 1,2,4 ( extract all the elements expect 2 position element.
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If both Vectors are having same length we can add/subtract/Multiply them.
Ex:
x = 1,2
y=3,4
x+y = 4,6

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Matrix:
matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),nrow=3,byrow=TRUE)
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    2    3
[2,]    4    5    6
[3,]    7    8    9

byrow = TRUE  elements will be entered in row-wise fashion

matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),nrow=3,byrow=FALSE)
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    4    7
[2,]    2    5    8
[3,]    3    6    9

byrow = FALSE  elements will be entered in Column-Wise fashion
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Assigning matrix:
matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),nrow=3,byrow=FALSE)
     [,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,]    1    4    7
[2,]    2    5    8
[3,]    3    6    9
mat <- matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9),nrow=3,byrow=FALSE)

Extracting 1 row and 2nd Column.
mat [1,2]
[1] 4

Extract 1, 3 row and 2 Column
mat [c(1,3),2]
[1] 4 6

mat(2,)  Extract all the columns from row 2.
mat(,1) Extract all the rows from Column 1

mat*10  multiply all elements with 10

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